OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) is a mental health condition characterised by recurring and persistent thoughts, images, or urges (obsessions) that are unwanted and cause anxiety or distress. People with OCD often feel compelled to perform repetitive behaviours or mental acts (compulsions) in an attempt to alleviate the anxiety or distress caused by their obsessions.
Symptoms of OCD
Symptoms of OCD may include:
- Obsessive thoughts or images that cause distress or anxiety
- Repetitive behaviours or mental acts performed to reduce anxiety or prevent harm
- Difficulty controlling or stopping the obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviours
- Time-consuming rituals or compulsions that interfere with daily activities and relationships
- Fear of contamination or germs, excessive concern with order or symmetry, or unwanted aggressive or taboo thoughts
Diagnosis of OCD
Diagnosis of OCD is typically made by a mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, who will perform a thorough evaluation of the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and current functioning. They may use standardised diagnostic criteria, such as the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition), to make a diagnosis.
Treatment for OCD
Treatment for OCD can involve a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used antidepressant medications that can be effective in reducing the symptoms of OCD. Psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) or exposure and response prevention (ERP) therapy, can also be effective in helping people with OCD learn to manage their symptoms and develop coping skills.
Help and Support for those with OCD
There are a number of resources available to help individuals with OCD and their families, including support groups, educational materials, and online resources. The International OCD Foundation is a non-profit organisation that provides resources and support for individuals with OCD and their families, including information about treatment options and support groups. Many mental health clinics and hospitals also offer specialised programmes for people with OCD.
Overall, OCD can be a challenging condition to manage, but with the right treatment and support, people with OCD can learn to manage their symptoms and live fulfilling lives.